Matthew J Sawyer

Elements to Elephants Matthew J Sawyer

This book is aimed at those who have a curiosity about the origins of life, evolution and interactions within the environment. Suitable for those from GCSE to A-level, degree level and beyond, the book covers three main areas. Firstly, the initial building blocks of cells and their subsequent development are explored. The three main molecules of life - DNA, RNA and proteins - are examined along with the importance of energy and its storage. How cells are able to turn genes on and off is shown in detail. Secondly, cells evolved and developed into more complex organisms. Darwin with his finches developed several basic principles which show how organisms have changed in response to different environments. Using HIV and antibiotic resistance as examples, evolution of organisms in our lifetime is demonstrated. The interaction between bacteria with mankind is reviewed including several diseases. The development of antibiotics is reviewed as is the mechanism of antibiotic resistance. The least well-known group of organisms - the archaea - are explored in a chapter of their own. Finally, an introduction to ecological theory covering soil, oceans and woodlands. This includes a deeper understanding of the different factors influencing the development and survival of different organisms. Simple biodiversity calculations are worked through. The importance of maintaining a wide variety of organisms and their genes is emphasised. The concluding chapter examines some of the current and future developments within gene technology and maintaining biodiversity. This includes how genes are currently used and how they could be manipulated in the future.