Study of the possibility of processing of ferromanganese ores of Kazakhstan

Kazakhstan occupies one of the leading places in the world in terms of reserves of iron and manganese ores. Peculiarities and complexities of geological occurrence imply differentiation of their processing technology. It should be noted that predominantly oxidized manganese ores developed in the upper parts of the deposits and not requiring large expenses for enrichment and development, whose share is about 4% of the total proven reserves, are extracted and processed. The trend of deteriorating quality of manganese ore raises the question of providing Kazakhstan's ferroalloy plants with manganese raw materials in the future. Although Kazakhstan has huge reserves of manganese-containing raw materials, most of them are not suitable for producing standard grades of manganese ferroalloys because the ores are mainly represented by ferromanganese varieties with high iron content. In the total stock of manganese ores the share of ferromanganese ores is 70%. The remaining 30% are represented by oxidized and hardly enriched primary manganese ores.